Battle of Lansdown Hill - 5 July 1643

The Royalists had been gathering strength throughout the west in early 1643, but there were still several Parliamentary strong points that needed to be neutralised, before the Royalist rear would be secure enough to mount an all out assault on London. With this aim, Sir Ralph Hopton set out to draw his old friend William Waller out to battle, so that the Royalists could take the Parliamentary town of Bath. The two met north of Bath on Lansdown Hill.
Waller had had time to prepare, so had used the existing Saxon-times quarry pits and embellished them into a formidable network of trenches and gun emplacements. Seeing Waller on top of a nearly impregnable position, Hopton thought better of the situation and retreated in good order. However, Waller wasn't having it and sent a substantial amount of cavalry down the hill to maul the Royalists as they retreated. The Parliamentary cavalry did a good job and almost broke the retreat, but Hopton held on and rallied his forces to reverse the attack and flank the attacking cavalry some ways back up the hill.
With their blood up, Hopton's infantry made their way up the hill and eventually took over the crest from Waller's infantry. Unusually, Hopton had sent the infantry up the hill to protect the cavalry flanks, but his cavalry had been pushed back and the infantry had to carry the attack. Hopton lost one of his troops' most beloved leaders in the melee, in Sir Bevill Grenvile. The Royalists now held the breastworks on top of the hill but could not really secure their flanks and were running low on ammunition. Waller's troops had reformed behind a stone wall about 400 yards south on the plateau. With darkness falling, neither side had the strength to close the battle.
Neither side had won a decisive victory. The Royalists had taken a tactical stronghold from the Parliamentarians by force, but they had lost their ability to threaten Bath, so strategically it had hurt them.

Rides, Routes and Waypoints

25-40 miles, depending on the options chosen. For the base ride, take the A431 southeast out of Bristol going to Bath. In Bath, follow the A4 through town and on to Chippenham. Near Chippenham, take the A350 north to the A420. Turn Left on the A420 and go to Cold Ashton. Past Cold Ashton, turn left on Freezing Hill Lane to go directly to Lansdown Hill. This ride really comes into its own when all of the steep, curvy farm tracks are taken around the battlefield itself. Note, try to avoid Bath during heavy traffic and watch the debris on the farm tracks around the battlefield.
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger 172. The battlefield is centred on ST 723703. If using a road map, the battlfield is located north of Bath, near the racecourse.

Battle of Chalgrove - 18 June 1643

The Battle of Chalgrove is famous mainly because one of Parliament's main political figures, Colonel John Hampden, was wounded in the action and died days later. Hampden was one of the "Five Members" that the King had tried to arrest in Parliament, setting off the war.
The action itself was little more than a skirmish, but brings out the differences between the two armies at this stage of the war. Royalist cavalry commander Prince Rupert was establishing his reputation as a leader of great daring. Rupert was also using newer cavalry tactics that relied on the shock of rapid and decisive action with horse, whereas the Parliamentarians were still relying on firepower and tighter formations with their horse.
Rupert had surprised several Parliamentary encampments in the area overnight and early morning. As part of this action, the main body of Parliamentarians had been alerted to Rupert's presence in the area due to his flaming of the village of Chinnor. The Parliamentarians set to finding Rupert and cutting him off from the safety of Oxford. Rupert, realising that he was being trailed, sent his infantry to secure the bridge at Chislehampton and place his dragoons along the escape route, then turned to face the music with his cavalry. As the Roundheads aligned for battle, Rupert feigned a retreat which enticed the Parliamentarians into a chase. However, Rupert spun his forces around and leapt a hedge to take to the attack. The Parliamentary cavalry got off quite a few shots and Rupert's forces took a significant number of casualties. However, in the melee, Hampden was mortally wounded and the shock of the action drove the the Roundheads from the field.
Rupert's actions were characteristic of him and this time of the war for the Royalists. The Royalists had fought in skirmishes and at least one set piece battle at this point in the war and were coming off as the better force in several of the engagements. Rupert's cavalry were showing themselves to be of continental calibre in cavalry actions and this confidence was leading Rupert to push for an early and final assault on London to end the war. The young man did not get his wish, but maybe he should have.

Rides, Routes and Waypoints

30-35 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the B480 southeast out of Oxford to Chalgrove. The battlefield is northeast of the town on an industrial / farm lane, next to the WWII era airfield. Continue along the B480 to Watlington. Take a right on the B4009 and go to Benson. Take a right on the A4074 and go to the Golden Balls roundabout. Take the right onto the B4015 to Chislehampton. There are several nice lanes around the battlefield to explore as well.
Use the Ordnance Survey Landranger 164. The battlefield is centred on SU 645975. If you are using a roadmap, Chalgrove is southeast of Oxford on the B480. There is a good biker friendly cafe on the A4074 at the Berinsfield roundabout called Fox's Diner.

The battle between Radway and Kineton in Warwickshire, known as Edgehill, provided the field for the English Civil War's first major confrontation.
The plodding Earl of Essex had been sent by Parliament to seek out the King's forces before they could reach critical mass and threaten London. Essex probably lost that opportunity by taking his time getting into the Midlands and finding the King's forces. The King wasn't much better in not knowing that Essex was near, until Prince Rupert's patrol stumbled across the Parliamentarian Quartermasters in nearby Wormleighton. The King decided to alight atop Edgehill, which sits about 300 feet above the plain running northwest several miles to the village of Kineton where the Parliamentarians were. Essex moved into the plain and made clear that he would not assault the King on the formidable hill. The King decided to issue battle so he gave the order to descend the hill and make contact.
As would be the case throughout the war, Prince Rupert's cavalry, on the right, would start the action and provide the King with an early advantage by driving the Roundhead cavalry from the field. However, like so many other times to come, Rupert could not control them after the initial assault and they gave chase well beyond the battlefield. Most of the cavalry of both sides was gone from the field when the infantry engagement began. With the Royalist right exposed, Essex sent some of the little remaining horse he had to attack the King's right flank. In the middle, the battle ebbed and flowed back and forth. A hole opened in the middle of the King's lines that another small Parliamentary cavalry force breached and attacked the Royalist artillery and returned to catch fire from its own artillery. A general sense of mayhem and confusion descended on the field, until dark, when both sides retired.
Poor leadership, poor execution and weak will led to a battlefield stalemate that neither side was keen to re-open the next morning. Essex slipped away to the safety of Warwick, leaving the road to London open. However, the King seemed to have lost his initial desire to move on London quickly. All in all, not satisfactory for either side, but nothing strategically significant resulted either.

Rides, Routes and Waypoints

20-30 miles, depending on the options chosen. Take the B4100 out of Banbury, taking the left hand "Y" near Warmington onto the B4086 up to Edgehill escarpment. Follow the B4086 through the battlefield from Edgehill to Kineton to simulate Rupert's advance. Continue through Kineton until you meet the B4455 and turn left and follow to the A422. Turn left on the A422 and follow this beautiful road through countryside and back onto Edgehill from the south. In between, there are multiple lanes through the battlefield, but many end abruptly at the entrance of a MOD installation nearby.
Use Ordnance Survey Landranger map 151 and the battlefield is centred on SP 360490. If using a roadmap, the battlefield is centred between the villages of Radway and Kineton, northwest of Banbury.

Having lived and worked in the United Kingdom for the last 12 years, I've had a good chance to see a lot of the countryside of the UK. However, my recent rides around the English Civil War battlefields have given me a new perspective on the countryside and how much of it remains. There is still a good amount and it is beautiful.....and much against my gut, civil planning has made this the case.
I am torn over the level of civil planning required to build in the UK. The liberal in me says, if you own the land, you should be able to do what you want to with it. However, the pragmatist in me knows that the countryside would be quuickly overrun by the hordes building houses all over the place. Whilst it is understandable and even agreeable for this to be the case in place like the US, it is open to much more debate in a place the size of Oregon and a population of 60 million. Back on the other hand, why should urban dwellers be subjected to high housing prices and cramped, mid-20th century standards of living just because someone wants to see a 400 year old hedge retained instead of a string of houses. I think, in the balance, I still come down on the side of much less restrictive planning, but not as wholly as I might have at one time.

This is the page with the links to all of the rides that the Battlefield Biker has done and created (is creating) Ride Guides for. You can search by War, era, country and region.

• English Civil War 1642-1648
• Seven Years War (inc. French and Indian War)
• American Revolutionary War 1775-1781
• Napoleonic Wars
• British-USA War of 1812
• Seminole Indian Wars
• USA-CSA Civil War
• USA Indian Wars of the West
• World War I
• World War II
• Battles from Various Wars